← All guides

What Is JSON and How to Format It (Beautify vs Minify)

JSON is a text format for structured data. Learn how to beautify and minify it, the most common syntax errors, and how to validate JSON in your browser.

JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight text format for structured data, used by almost every web API. Formatting it means adding indentation and line breaks so it is readable — for example turning {"name":"Ada","age":36} into neatly indented lines.

The building blocks

  • Objects in curly braces: { "key": "value" }
  • Arrays in square brackets: [1, 2, 3]
  • Values: string, number, boolean, null, object or array

Keys must be double-quoted strings, and there is no trailing comma after the last item.

Beautify vs minify

  • Beautify adds whitespace so humans can read and debug the data.
  • Minify strips all optional whitespace to shrink the payload for faster transfer.

You switch between the two without changing the data itself.

Common errors

  • A trailing comma after the last array or object item
  • Single quotes instead of double quotes
  • Missing a closing brace or bracket
  • Unescaped quotes inside a string

Format and validate instantly

Paste your data into the JSON formatter to beautify, minify and catch syntax errors as you type — all in your browser, nothing uploaded. Converting a spreadsheet? Try CSV to JSON. Related: Image to Base64.